Journal: Journal of Human Immunity

Article Title: Ribosomal RNA processing impairments in a B cell immunodeficient patient with WDR75 variants

doi: 10.70962/jhi.20250061

Figure Lengend Snippet: U2OS cells with inactivation of the WDR75 gene locus and ectopic expression of WDR75 p.T46I present with altered pre-rRNA processing. (A) Sanger sequences of gDNA at the site (guide sequence) of CRISPR/Cas9 modification of different U2OS clones ectopically expressing either WDR75 WT or WDR75 p.T46I. (B) Alignments of sequencing profiles from TOPO TA cloned RT-PCR products of U2OS cells modified by CRISPR/Cas9. U2OS cells were treated with CHX 100 µg/ml for 2 h before extracting the RNA. (C) Northern blot analysis of U2OS cells ectopically expressing a pWPI EV, WDR75 WT, or WDR75 p.T46I (M1). The WDR75 gene locus was inactivated (see A and B) in WT- and WDR75 p.T46I-expressing U2OS cells. Indicated radiolabeled probes were used to detect pre-rRNA precursors and mature rRNAs. Statistical analysis presented in C was performed using paired Student’s t test; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. Source data are available for this figure: .

Article Snippet: KO score for each sequence was evaluated using Inference of CRISPR Edits (RRID:SCR_024508) software (Performance Analysis, 2019. v3.0; Synthego).

Techniques: Expressing, Sequencing, CRISPR, Modification, Clone Assay, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Northern Blot

Journal: Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids

Article Title: Dual inhibition of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and nucleolin reduces RSV infection efficiency in human respiratory organoids

doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2026.102932

Figure Lengend Snippet: ICAM-1- and EGFR-KO iPSCs were established using CRISPR-Cas9 system (A) ICAM-1-knockout (KO) and EGFR-KO iPSCs were generated using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Bar plots represent the indel distribution for ICAM-1 and EGFR. (B) Phase images of wild-type (WT), ICAM-1-KO, and EGFR-KO iPSCs. Scale bars, 100 μm. (C) Immunofluorescence analysis of OCT3/4 (red) expression in WT, ICAM-1-KO, and EGFR-KO iPSCs. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bars, 100 μm. (D) The expression levels of ICAM-1 and EGFR in WT, ICAM-1-KO, and EGFR-KO iPSC-derived respiratory organoids were measured by RT-qPCR. Data are shown as mean ± SD ( n = 3, technical replicates); two-tailed Student’s t test (∗∗ p < 0.01). (E) The expression levels of ICAM-1, EGFR, and β-actin in WT, ICAM-1-KO, and EGFR-KO iPSC-derived respiratory organoids were measured by the capillary-based immunoassay.

Article Snippet: Analysis was done using inference of CRISPR edits (ICE) ( https://www.synthego.com/help/ice ) showed that the KO scores for ICAM-1-KO and EGFR-KO iPSCs were nearly 100 ( A and A).

Techniques: CRISPR, Knock-Out, Generated, Immunofluorescence, Expressing, Derivative Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: High genotoxicity of CRISPR/Cas9 versus limited efficacy of CRISPRi in chicken primordial germ cells

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106722

Figure Lengend Snippet: CRISPR/Cas9 shows high editing efficiency in PGCs. (A) Phase-contrast images of cultured PGCs isolated from embryonic blood, showing typical colony morphology after 3 weeks in vitro . Left: male PGC colony; right: female PGC colony. Scale bar = 20 µm. (B) Immunofluorescence for germ cell markers in PGCs. These cells (male line shown) strongly express SSEA-1 (green, cell surface) and VASA/DDX4 (red, cytoplasm), even after long-term culture (>50 days). Nuclei are counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 5 µm. (C) Representative fluorescence microscopy of EGFP + PGCs 5 days after co-electroporation with Cas9 and sgRNAs targeting EGFP (gEGFP1+2). Left: cells electroporated with Cas9 mRNA at 1 µg, 2 µg, or 3 µg (with constant gRNA amount). Right: cells electroporated with Cas9 protein (RNP complex) at equivalent molar doses (1:1.2 Cas9:sgRNA ratio). In both mRNA and protein conditions, higher Cas9 doses result in loss of EGFP fluorescence and reduced cell numbers (rounding and death) compared to lower doses. Scale bar = 20 µm. (D) Flow cytometry analysis of EGFP fluorescence and cell viability in edited versus control PGCs. Left: histogram overlays of EGFP intensity for control (untreated EGFP + PGCs, gray) vs. CRISPR-edited cells (green). Cas9-edited populations shift toward lower fluorescence, indicating EGFP knockout. Upper right: bar graph quantifying the percentage of EGFP + cells in each group (mean ± SEM, n = 3). Both Cas9 mRNA and Cas9 protein treatments caused a dose-dependent decrease in the fraction of EGFP-expressing cells compared to control (p-values are indicated in the figure by one-way ANOVA). Lower right: plot showing the percentage of live cells recovered during flow cytometry. Higher Cas9 doses correlate with reduced live-cell recovery, reflecting CRISPR-induced cytotoxicity in PGCs. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA (p-values are indicated in the figure).

Article Snippet: The amplicons were subjected to Sanger sequencing, and sequencing traces were analyzed using the Inference of CRISPR Edits (ICE) software tool (v3.0, Synthego).

Techniques: CRISPR, Cell Culture, Isolation, In Vitro, Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence, Microscopy, Electroporation, Flow Cytometry, Control, Knock-Out, Expressing, Cell Recovery

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: High genotoxicity of CRISPR/Cas9 versus limited efficacy of CRISPRi in chicken primordial germ cells

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106722

Figure Lengend Snippet: CRISPR/Cas9 induces DNA damage and apoptosis in PGCs. (A) Flow cytometry analysis 24 h after electroporation, quantifying the proportion of Annexin V + /PI + cells. The horizontal axis indicates PI and the vertical axis Annexin V. The upper-left quadrant (Annexin V + /PI + ) represents late apoptotic cells, and the lower-right quadrant (Annexin V + only) represents early apoptotic cells. Upper panels: results after electroporation with Cas9 + various gRNAs; lower panels: results with dCas9 + various gRNAs. (B) Bar graph of Annexin V + /PI + percentages across groups. Cas9 editing induced a highly significant increase in late apoptosis. (C) γ-H 2 AX foci (green) detected by immunofluorescence 24 h after electroporation. Foci appear as discrete nuclear puncta; nuclei are counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 10 µm. (D) Quantification of γ-H 2 AX foci per cell. Cas9 targeting resulted in a significant increase in γ-H 2 AX foci per cell, whereas dCas9 with sgRNA did not. Statistical significance determined by one-way ANOVA (p-values are indicated in the figure).

Article Snippet: The amplicons were subjected to Sanger sequencing, and sequencing traces were analyzed using the Inference of CRISPR Edits (ICE) software tool (v3.0, Synthego).

Techniques: CRISPR, Flow Cytometry, Electroporation, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: High genotoxicity of CRISPR/Cas9 versus limited efficacy of CRISPRi in chicken primordial germ cells

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106722

Figure Lengend Snippet: CRISPRi has limited efficacy in gene knockdown in PGCs. (A) Schematic of the CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system. (i) The PGK-CRISPRi-EGFP plasmid expresses dCas9-KRAB (catalytically inactive Cas9 fused to the KRAB repressor) and an EGFP marker under a constitutive PGK promoter. (ii) The gCAG-mCherry plasmid carries a U6.3 promoter–driven sgRNA targeting the CAG promoter and a CAG-driven mCherry reporter. (iii) Co-transfection strategy: dCas9-KRAB (plasmid i) is expressed in the cell, and the sgRNA (plasmid ii) guides it to the CAG promoter in the mCherry cassette, silencing mCherry transcription. (B) Summary of CRISPRi reporter knockdown efficacy in human 293T cells vs. chicken cells. Bars show the percentage of mCherry + cells in each condition (no sgRNA, mock control, +gCAG sgRNA). In 293T cells, introducing the CAG-targeting sgRNA significantly reduces the mCherry + fraction relative to controls, whereas in DF-1 cells the mCherry + percentage remains unchanged, and in PGCs only a slight decrease is observed. (C) Expression of the dCas9-KRAB-EGFP fusion protein in CRISPRi. Western blot confirmed that dCas9-KRAB-EGFP is only expressed in CRISPRi cells, indicating the successful construction of CRISPRi stable PGC cell lines. Blank: Untransfected cells served as the negative control. (D) Gene expression following CRISPRi-mediated knockdown in CRISPRi cells. qRT-PCR showed no significant reduction in expression of the target genes for which CRISPRi sgRNAs were designed. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA (p-values are indicated in the figure).

Article Snippet: The amplicons were subjected to Sanger sequencing, and sequencing traces were analyzed using the Inference of CRISPR Edits (ICE) software tool (v3.0, Synthego).

Techniques: Knockdown, CRISPR, Plasmid Preparation, Marker, Cotransfection, Control, Expressing, Western Blot, Negative Control, Gene Expression, Quantitative RT-PCR